Understanding Victims and Restorative Justice examines the origins of and the relationship between these two sets of developments, and seeks to assess their strengths and weaknesses in meeting the needs of victims as part of the overall response to crime.
Understanding Victims and Restorative Justice examines the origins of and the relationship between these two sets of developments, and seeks to assess their strengths and weaknesses in meeting the needs of victims as part of the overall response to crime.
From 2002 there has been a major initiative to engage the voluntary sector and wider community in the work of prisons. This work edited by three experts and containing contributions by a range of informed commentators seeks to enable both parties to understand what is involved.
This book presents and discusses information in the study of criminal justice and law enforcement. Topics discussed include capital punishment; juvenile justice; the use of DNA in cold cases; statutes of limitation in federal criminal cases; the illicit drug market in Taiwan and leadership in police organisations.
Since the 1980s, electronic monitoring has been successfully introduced in a number of countries worldwide. This book addresses the broader factors in electronic monitoring's development. It develops a critical criminological perspective on electronic monitoring in selective countries around the world.
Discusses the relevance of utilitarian thought upon various debates regarding punishment. This book argues that 'The Rationale of Punishment' is a model of applied philosophy that should be adapted to the debates that continue regarding the desire to prevent crime, compensate its victims, and promote the paramount vision of a truly good society.
The cost to confine federal Bureau of Prison (BOP) inmates in non-BOP facilities has nearly tripled from about $250 million in fiscal year 1996 to about $700 million in fiscal year 2006. This title discusses the feasibility and implications of comparing the costs for confining federal inmates in low and minimum security BOP facilities.
Explores consumer fraud and identity theft as well as telemarketing fraud which is both the oldest, and in some respects, the most persistent form of mass-marketing fraud that Canada and the United States have been actively combating for many years now.
To punish criminals, we rely on an expensive, inefficient and vastly overcrowded prison system which does little but breed criminality. We need an alternative method of punishment that is cheaper, honest and more humane. This title proposes an alternative to our broken system of criminal justice: "flog and release".
A collection of original essays that offer a critical assessment of the theory, principles and practices of restorative justice around the globe. This volume explores various methods of responding nonviolently to harms - done by persons, groups, global corporations and nation-states.
The Politics of Imprisonment examines how the democratic process and social trust shape penal sanctioning in the United States. Drawing on a range of archival sources, Barker shows that higher levels of civic engagement tend to support milder punishments whereas lower levels tend to support more coercive criminal justice policies.
An introductory text that provides a foundation of the salient information available on the broad and dynamic subject of community corrections. It explores the issues and practices facing community corrections, using the research in the field, in a way that makes it easy to use and understand.
This book explores the origins of the so-called 'punitive turn' in penal policy across Western nations over the past two decades. It demonstrates how the context of neoliberalism has informed penal policy-making and argues that it is ultimately neoliberalism which has led to the recent intensification of punishment.
Takes the Carter Report to task for construing the problems too narrowly, in terms of efficiency and economy, and for failing to understand the wider issues of justice that need addressing. This book is suitable for policy makers, probation practitioners, academics and other commentators on criminal policy.
Federal funding to states supported over 200, 000 youths in residential facilities in 2004, many seeking help to address behavioral or emotional challenges. However, federal investigations have identified maltreatment and civil rights abuses in some facilities.
Focuses on the central role of populist, often ephemeral literary forms in shaping attitudes toward capital punishment. This work shows that at times of social unrest, many Americans feeling excluded by the political and legal processes, turned instead to inexpensive literary forms of expression in an attempt to change the course of history.
Ponders whether the prison harms its inhabitants, its employees, and others, and redirects the conversation among academics, policy-makers and professionals on the effects of imprisonment. This book examines the social, psychological, behavioural, and emotional impacts of the incarceration experience on prisoners, their families, and on society.
Restorative justice is an innovative approach to addressing conflict and bullying, as well as disruptive, challenging and criminal behaviour. This title identifies the practical benefits of employing the restorative approach. It is suitable for residential care managers and staff, social workers, and youth offending team managers.
Uncovers the ways that race influences capital punishment, and attempts to situate the linkage between race and the death penalty in the history of America, in particular the history of lynching. This book looks at how the death penalty gives meaning to race, as well as why the racialization of the death penalty is uniquely American.
This work contains historical and contemporary information, and deals with the death penalty as an instrument of public policy, international law and human rights, and the politics of abolition versus retention. A special chapter focuses on the involvement of physicians in capital punishment.
Written by a respected academic and death penalty lawyer, this title draws upon Continental theory and the Anglo-American jurisprudential tradition in order to deliver a critical survey of both the theoretical aspects of capital punishment and its actual administration.
Rehabilitation, reintegration and reentry are immediate and pressing concerns in our society, as the rate of incarceration continually climbs. This title explores the challenges faced by convicted offenders over the course of rehabilitation and reintegration. It is suitable for upper level and graduate students.
Provides a source of information and analysis about various aspects of the work of the Probation Service - a useful text for those working in probation, studying the subject as part of criminology or criminal justice course, or training for it. This work takes account of the changes that the Probation Service has undergone.
Restorative justice has become an important new way of thinking about crime, responsive regulation an influential way of thinking about business regulation. In this volume, John Braithwaite brings together his important work on restorative justice with his work on business regulation to form a l picture of the way society regulates itself.
Offers an understanding of community sentences in relation to policy, practice and research. This book examines the role and function of community sentences, and how they challenge the framework of thinking about punishment in the criminal justice system.
In a feature unique to Italy, the people who prepared a condemned man or woman spiritually and psychologically for execution were not priests or friars, but laymen. This volume includes some of the songs, stories, poems, and images that they used, and first-person accounts and ballads describing particular executions.
Presents major criminal cases in history involving wrongfully convicted persons. This work graphically details by category how wrongly convicted persons were sent to prison - or to the gallows. It also includes a comprehensive glossary of legal, judicial and law enforcement terms applying to all cases.
In this work of comparative legal history, the author argues that the answer lies in America's triumphant embrace of a non-hierarchical social system and distrust of state power which have contributed to a law of punishment that is more willing to degrade offenders.
The guillotine is a most potent image of revolutionary France, the tool whereby a whole society was 'redesigned'. Tracing the development of the guillotine, this book recounts the stories of famous executions, the lives of the executioners, and the research into whether the head retained consciousness after it was separated from the body.
Covers a range of historic punishments from outlawry to the ducking stool, the pillory, stocks and whirligig to the branding iron and scold's bridle. This book transports readers to a time when punishment was often brutal, unrestrained and unregulated by standards, fairness or consistency.
A collection of essays surveying the evolution of sentencing policies and practices in Western countries over the past several years. This book addresses plea-bargaining, community service, electronic monitoring, standards of use of incarceration, and legal perspectives on sentencing policy developments, among other topics.
Punishment is an area of increasing importance and concern to both citizens and politicians. How do we decide what should be crimes? How do we decide when someone is responsible for a crime? What should we do with criminals? This textbook on the philosophy of punishment discusses these questions.
Describes what the research tells us about domestic violence, including its perpetrators and victims, the impact of the responses to it and, the implications of that research for day-to-day, real-world responses to domestic violence by law enforcement officers, prosecutors and judges.
Community penalties are court-ordered punishments, falling between imprisonment and fines, and involve some contact by a criminal justice agency. This work looks at the current debate on which policy pressures may be dominant over community penalties in the future.
Girls' delinquency has attracted the attention of federal, state, and local policymakers for more than a decade as girls have increasingly become involved in the juvenile justice system. This book examines the developmental sequences of girls' delinquent behaviour, as well as the factors that protect girls against delinquency.
A textbook on the death penalty that engages the reader with a full account of the arguments and issues surrounding capital punishment. It begins with the history of the death penalty from colonial to modern times, and then examines the moral and legal arguments for and against capital punishment.
Every criminal is entitled to due process of the law and this fact forms the cornerstone of any civilised judicial system. Daredevil acts are done by the coward on behalf of the local community. Mob psychology shows that individuals tend to behave in a different manner as part of a group in contrast to acting independently.
This title explores spheres of influence in the USA, Netherlands, England and Wales during the 1980s, focusing on the activities of three strategically placed individuals - James Q. Wilson, Dato Steenhuis, and David Faulkner. The author insists on a need for an integrated criminal policy.
Offers a critical perspective on criminal justice and concludes that the penal populism generated may make the liberal elite feel uncomfortable, but it will not go away. It says that the public voice will have an increasing role to play in determining how we respond to a range of sensitive social issues, including penal issues.
Tyburn Fields is the best known site of execution in London, but London may be aptly named the executioner's city, so many were the places where executions could and did occur. This book reveals the capital as a place where the bodies of criminals defined the boundaries of the city and heads on poles greeted patrons on London Bridge.
This text discusses and analyzes punishments other than imprisonment, arguing that discipline "in the community" is effective, not only in relation to the "other" of prison, but also as a form of social control in its own right, which is based on self-government and normalizing instruction.
True crime is that perpetrated on the innocent, so profound in its horror that it rallies even the most apathetic among us. It was for crimes like these that the ultimate penalty was created - the death sentence. However, it is becoming common for these sentences to be overturned. This book presents an argument for this penalty to remain in place.
Drawing on a five-year study of the impact of a restorative justice programme on victims of property and violent crime, Strang presents evidence to show that the restorative alternative of conferencing more often than court-based solutions has the capacity to satisfy victims' expectations of delivering restoration.
Offers an account of the origins, growth and development of the probation service during its 100 year history. This title presents historical material, official (Home Office) documents, probation statistics, and research reports. It explains the changes that have taken place between 1907 and 2010.
A collection of extracts on sentencing philosophy and policy. This edition includes three new chapters on restorative justice, law and order perspectives and postmodernist perspectives. Each chapter has an introduction and bibliography, all of which have been revised and updated.
Considers the persistence of death and suffering in the history of punishment to be part of historical legacies created by slavery and colonialism. This book argues that the infliction of pain, suffering, and untimely death through punishment is foundational, rather than exceptional, to modern state power.
Part of the "Studies in Crime and Public Policy series", this book examines the trends in penal theorizing. It explores the legitimacy of actual practices by examining what would count as adequate justification for them. It is aimed at criminologists, philosophers, and others interested in theories of punishment.
This book is about death penalty practice and its reform in contemporary China. China's infamous death penalty record is the product of firm Party-state control as policy informs capital punishment by courts. A quest for leniency eventually ousted China's 'Strike Hard' policy, as the Party-directed dialectic swung from 'kill many' to 'kill fewer.'
The prevalence of police deviance is a much-debated statistic and one that is often rife with problems. Some examples in the UK involve suppression of evidence, beating of suspects, tampering with confidential evidence and perjury. This book addresses these issues and gives the reader insight into the dynamics of police enforcement.
Elizabeth Fry, mother of eleven children and a Quaker minister, is seen as one of the most influential and enigmatic women in English history. Dismayed by the terrible prison conditions in the early 19th century, Fry drew the world's attention to the plight of incarcerated women, and became a living legend. This work presents her story.
Since July 2007, the Committee on the Judiciary and its staff has been investigating allegations that political considerations may have improperly influenced federal criminal prosecutions in a number of cases around the country. This book describes the progress of the investigation on allegations of selective and politically-motivated prosecution.
In a feature unique to Italy, the people who prepared a condemned man or woman spiritually and psychologically for execution were not priests or friars, but laymen. This book includes some of the songs, stories, poems, and images that they used, and also first-person accounts and ballads describing particular executions.
Release from prison is matter of increasing interest throughout Europe. This book focuses on Council of Europe Recommendations and on European Union measures. It explains how release policy is related to wider questions about justice and fairness in prison-related decision-making and the changing place of imprisonment in European society.
Since 1973, America's imprisonment rate has multiplied over five times to become the highest in the world. More than two million inmates reside in state and federal prisons. What does this say about our attitudes toward criminals and punishment? What does it say about us? This book explores the cultural evolution of punishment practices in the US.
Recreates the realities of prison life for a woman at the end of the twentieth century, as conditions worsen with overcrowding, staff shortages and expenditure cuts. This book describes the over-use of medication as a means of control; the plight of ethnic minority women, and the self-mutilation and suicide attempts of female prisoners.
There are multiple reasons to prevent juveniles from becoming delinquent or continuing to engage in delinquent behaviour. This title examines how sociometric status influences childhood bullying, aggressive behaviour and victimisation. It pays attention to the affect of sociometric neglect and rejection on child development.
Explores the changing role of the Parole Board across the range of its responsibilities, including the prediction of risk and deciding on the release (or continued detention) of the growing number of recalled prisoners and of those subject to indeterminate sentences.
Focusing in part on the activities of the Society for the Abolition of Capital Punishment, James Gregory here examines abolitionist strategies, leaders and personnel. This book is certain to be an illuminating and important contribution to a fascinating aspect of Victorian History.
Demonstrates that neither the conservative idea of deterrence through punishment nor the liberal ideal of rehabilitation has worked in practice. This book proposes the basis for a radical but carefully worked out practical philosophy which would place the emphasis on the offender making amends to the victim and society for the damage caused.
The What Works initiative is having a profound impact on the work of the National Probation Service. This book aims to provide a critical overview of What Works, providing a wider set of perspectives on a project which is vital for the future of the service.
Contains some 2, 500 entries together with explanations and background to the prison slang. This guide is intended for those who wish to look beneath the surface of criminal justice and penal policy at words and phrases used by prisoners which are often telling and direct.
This title provides an overview of recent government initiatives in the field of crime and punishment, reviewing both the policies themselves, the perceived problems and issues they wish to address, and the broader social and politial context in which this is taking place.
Suitable for probation and prison personnel, this guide offers an account of life sentencing from pre-sentence to release on licence, covering mandatory life for murder, HMP sentences for juvenile murderers, the principles governing discretionary life sentences, lifer 'career' planning, and the process of review and the role of the Parole Board.
Traces the development of the New Zealand Prison System which includes the history of penology prior to the phenomenon coming there. This book explores more complex managerial and social issues concerning crime and its treatment, including the interweaving of different penal policies.
This study examines the changes in the criminal justice system in the City of London from 1660 to 1750. It investigates why the elements of an alternative means of dealing with crime in urban society were emerging in policing, prosecution, and the establishment of new forms of punishment.
Deals with the concerns about crime and punishment of that most vivid of judicial creations, 'The Man or Woman on the Clapham Omnibus'. This book explains that this human reference point for reason and good sense is likely to be far more receptive to sound explanation and argument than the media (and tabloid press in particular) might give credit.
In recent decades there has been a vast increase in the use of imprisonment and penal supervision, and to many this development appears to be qualitatively as well as quantitatively different. This volume considers the causes of this development, its consequences and future course.
Explores the history, iconography, and legal contexts of Chinese tortures and executions from the tenth century until lingchi's abolition in 1905. This work investigates "oriental" tortures in the Western imagination. It also questions the logic by which states justify tormenting individuals.
Introduction; 1. Charles Pigott, The Jockey Club; or a Sketch of the Manners of the Age; 2. [James Parkinson], Old Hubert, pseud., An Address to the Hon. Edmund Burke from the Swinish Multitude (London, 1793; 3. James Henry Lawrence, An Essay on the Nair System of Gallantry and Inheritance; 4.
Traces the history of capital punishment in the United Kingdom from ancient times to periods of reform until hanging for murder was finally abolished by Parliament in 1969. This book describes the Parliamentary and public debates, and notes the stance taken by organizations and individuals.
Outlines the strategic framework for psychological services across prisons and probation. This book gives a picture of some key areas of applied psychological practice in probation settings. It covers the development of applied psychological services, court work, mental health, working with sex offenders, risk assessment, and cognitive skills.
Many Western countries now use electronic monitoring (EM) of some offenders as an alternative to more traditional forms of punishments such as imprisonment. This title presents a study of the causal effect of EM on social benefit dependency after the sentence has been served.
Prisoners in federal and state institutions retain certain religious exercise rights under the Constitution and statutes. This book focuses on the government's efforts to enforce federal civil rights laws prohibiting religious discrimination in the administration and management of federal and state prisons.
Parole Board Hearings: law and practice continues to be the only book dedicated to covering the decision-making powers and procedures of the Parole Board It provides practical and detailed guidance on representation, challenging decisions, risk assessments, hearing procedure, life sentence review, licences, recall and remedies.
Drug courts, boot camps, day reporting and other judicial/correctional interventions mix social controls with treatment of addicted persons. This book offers strategies that affect adoption, implementation and sustainability in community correctional settings.
Takes the reader inside America's prison to probe the entrails of the bulimic carceral state that has risen on the ruins of the charitable state and the black ghetto. Linking social and penal policies, this title contributes to the historical anthropology of the state in the age of triumphant neoliberalism.
Provides an account of the relationship between families, prisons and penal policies in the United Kingdom. This book explores debates in relation to prisoners and their families, and introduces the reader to relevant theoretical approaches. It incorporates perspectives drawn from criminology, sociology, social work and law.
This book presents and discusses information in the study of organised crime, gangs and trafficking on a global scale. Topics discussed include organised crime in the U.S.; Taiwan and Hong Kong gangs; trafficking of mainland Chinese women to Taiwan; Hong Kong drug trafficking and human smuggling.
Researchers, community organisations and government agencies are seeking effective strategies to make re-entry of offenders successful while balancing the needs of communities for safety. This book presents a synopsis of key re-entry research that relates to offenders and ex-offenders with family responsibilities.
A reference for the increasing number of people studying in, working in prisons and working with prisoners. This dictionary covers key aspects of criminal justice and the criminal justice system. It features approximately 300 entries (of between 500 and 1500 words) on key terms and concepts arranged alphabetically.
A collection of essays examining the history and objectives of community service from a number of standpoints. A greater understanding of how community service orders are used and how they operate in practice, should benefit to professionals and those interested in the development of criminal law.
This is the sequel to 'Dead Man Walking and tells the stories of two men who were undoubtedly innocent of the crimes for which they were executed. At a time when the Catholic church is under close scrutiny, 'The Death of Innocents' critiques Catholic doctrine on the death penalty.