Access to cheap energy has become essential to the functioning of modern economies. Although plenty of coal, up to 155 years worth, is readily available, coal is not the fossil fuel of choice for many countries. The potential need to change our primary energy sources in the foreseeable future is the crux of the energy security question.
Stakeholders in the international economy have long considered energy a crucial aspect of national sovereignty - a commodity inherently political in nature. Because of its contentious nature, energy and natural resources have been the source of conflicts for a millennia. This book discusses the role and development of energy in emerging regions.
Identifies possible employment impacts that could result from hydrogen market expansion in the transportation, stationary and portable power sectors. This title estimates the employment impacts of a transformation of the US economy to the use of hydrogen between 2020 and 2050.
India is both a major energy producer and consumer. This book provides an account of energy scenario in India. It focuses on the policies and programmes of the Government of India to deal with the demand for energy in the wake of economic liberalisation and globalisation of the Indian economy.
Presents an elementary yet comprehensive introduction to modern energy economics. This work contains two survey chapters that are suitable for readers with little or no formal training in economics. Intended as a textbook for undergraduate economics students, it can also be used for self-study or as a reference material.
Energy tax policy involves the use of one of the government's main fiscal instruments, taxes (both as an incentive and as a disincentive) to alter the allocation or configuration of energy resources and their use. This title explores the role of taxes in energy production and conservation.
Discusses topical data on coal combustion, such as: the mechanisms of coal devolatilisation and the influences of several heating conditions; combustion models for the NOx and coal ignition reactions as well as an oxy-fuel combustion system; and mineral transformation and ash deposit during coal combustion.
The petroleum sector is possibly the largest and most dominant economic sector in the globalized economy. However, for reasons explored in this book, although none of the existing economic development models fit this sector in the past and apply even less today, no satisfactory alternative has presented itself.
Combined Heat and Power (CHP) solutions represent an effective near-term energy option to help the US enhance energy efficiency, and foster a robust energy infrastructure. This book discusses the benefits and applications of CHP in three market sectors in the US: dry mill ethanol production, hotels/casinos, and wastewater treatment facilities.
As China benefits from globalization, what is the impact on China's relations with countries in its neighbouring region when it seeks more oil importation from overseas sources? This book looks at the emergence of China as a major importer and consumer of energy as well as examines contemporary issues within the Chinese oil industry.
The federal government is the nation's single largest energy consumer, spending approximately $17 billion in fiscal year 2007 on energy for buildings and vehicles. This book gathers the data from the Federal Energy Management office and explores government energy efficiency goals.
The energy efficiency services sector (EESS) is poised to become an increasingly important part of the US economy. This book examines key aspects of the EESS by describing the job composition, the workforce size, projections for growth in spending and employment and key issues that may limit this growth.
* Written by respected energy economist Dr. Jerry Jackson, Energy Budgets at Risk (EBaR) explains why high energy prices and market volatility can be expected to continue, and shows how to reduce energy costs and increase cash flows using risk management concepts developed in the financial industry.
Energy is crucial to the operation of a modern industrial and service economy. This book examines federal programs that provide grants, loans, loan guarantees and other direct or indirect regulatory incentives for energy efficiency, energy conservation and renewable energy.
Russian oil and natural gas industries are increasingly important players in the global energy market, particularly in Europe and Eurasia. Another trend has been the increasing concentration of these industries in the hands of the Russian government.
Mining has had a profound impact upon Britain for over 4, 000 years. Geoff Coyle explores how mining has shaped Britain and its landscape, emphasising the impact on social history, and the lives of the mining people. He also considers the present state of mining and its future in Britain.
The year after the 1973-74 oil embargo, the American Physical Society (APS) leaped into action with a study on enhanced end-use efficiency, realizing that it is easier to save a kilowatt-hour than it is to produce a kilowatt-hour. The results of the APS study appeared in the 1975 AIP Conference Proceedings 25, titled Efficient Use of Energy.
Presents long-term projections of energy supply, demand, and prices through 2030. This report also provides an update on the handling of key provisions in the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT2005) that could not be incorporated in the Annual Energy Outlook 2006 (AEO2006) because of the absence of implementing regulations or funding appropriations.
A lucid answer to the question of what causes energy prices to often widely fluctuate is hard to find. Is it supply, demand, speculation, manipulation, fear, price gauging by energy distributors or refiners or some hideous combination of all the above? This book provides basic information to try to solve this riddle.
Energy constitutes the motive force of the civilisation and it determines the level of economy development as a whole. Despite the increase use of different type of energy, particularly, renewable energy sources, fossil fuels will continue dominating the energy combinations in the world near future. This book provides research on this field.
Offers an investigation into Enron's meteoric ascent - regarded by Wall Street and the media as the epitome of innovation - and its spectacular fall from grace. This book discusses how the biggest corporate bankruptcy in American business history happened, why for so long no one (except for an enlightened few) saw it coming.
Energy supplies and prices are major economic factors in the US, and energy markets are volatile and unpredictable. This book presents a view of the supply and consumption of various forms of energy. It discusses energy supplies such as: The Manhattan Project, the Apollo Program, and the Federal Technology R&D Programs.
The fall of Enron was much more than a business scandal. Not only did the events of October 2001 have a more damaging effect on the markets than 9/11 but, like Watergate, it was an event that sent shivers throughout the whole world. This is an in-depth investigation of the fall of Enron.
Natural gas markets in North America had a tumultuous year in 2008. In early 2008, the market tightened and prices moved up. In the summer, supply area spot prices went much higher than in the past, then decreased through the rest of the year. This book examines the conditions and trends in the US natural gas markets.
The International Energy Agency (IEA) is an intergovernmental organisation which acts as an advisor to 28 member countries, including the United States, in an effort to ensure reliable energy for their citizens. This book emphasises the fact that the future of human prosperity depends on how successfully we tackle the twin energy issue facing us.
Energy efficiency sounds good but so far the steps to reach it have been baby steps. This book deals with commercial and consumer product efficiency standards, goals for energy efficiency and renewable energy in federal facilities and fleets, the Energy Star products program, expanding programs for hydrogen fuel cell buses, and more.
Presents research from around the globe in the field of energy economics which is a sub-field of economics that focuses on energy relationships as the foundation of various other relationships. This book covers issues related to optimal production and consumption affecting energy, minerals, land, air and water.
Intends to prove that the "energy crisis" is an entropy crisis. This book uses examples from daily experiences to introduce the concept of entropy. It shows that the entropy increase due to irreversible transformations simultaneously determines the level of fresh energy supplies of our society and the damage that it causes to the environment.
This volume examines energy security in a privatised, liberalized, and increasingly global energy market. Chapters offer a variety of international, regional, and national approaches to energy security, followed by analysis of the legal provisions relating to the main energy sectors. It also provides environmental and geopolitical perspectives.
The atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases, most notably carbon dioxide, has gradually increased over the years. This book examines research on the role that these policies might play in encouraging cost-effective reductions in emissions as well as analysis on whether it would be more efficient to implement the policies.
Examining how the European Union's general approach to energy security has played out in the specific political contexts of different countries and regions, this book also features a thorough analysis of EU strategies towards energy security, assessing the EU as an international actor, and a focus on the governance structures of producer states.
Evaluates trends in the international trade of petroleum products, refining capacity and intensity of refining capacity use internationally and in the United States, international and domestic crude oil and petroleum product inventories, and domestic petroleum supply infrastructure.
Presents analysis of the use of different forms of energy and their environmental and social impacts. This title examines conventional, nuclear and renewable sources and technologies. It reviews policy shifts with relation to energy efficiency, carbon capture and storage, combined heat and power, and combined cycle gas turbines.
World biofuels production was assessed over the 2010 to 2030 timeframe using scenarios covering a range of US policies (tax credits, tariffs, and regulations) as well as oil prices, feedstock availability, and a global CO2 price. This book examines the production potential of biofuels in the world.
Intends to prove that the "energy crisis" is an entropy crisis. This book uses examples from daily experiences to introduce the concept of entropy. It shows that the entropy increase due to irreversible transformations simultaneously determines the level of fresh energy supplies of our society and the damage that it causes to the environment.
A large number of factors have combined to put pressure on gasoline prices, including increased world demand for crude oil and limited US refinery capacity to supply gasoline. This book tries to identify the apparent causes of the wild swings in this most visible of expenses.
Energy policy is the manner in which a given entity (often governmental) has decided to address issues of energy development including energy production, distribution and consumption. This book presents research on the economic effects, security aspects and environmental issues connected with energy policy.
Cutting carbon emissions is urgent but very challenging in wealthy democracies. Energy for the Future analyzes the changing contexts, imperatives and fault lines, and proposes ways forwards. Greater public engagement and a new approach to markets are vital, but traditional concerns with energy security and economic efficiency cannot be set aside.
This appraisal of economic policies in each of the major energy markets - electricity, gas, coal and oil - examines major economic principles and issues, future developments and options, and the opportunities for further competition in key industrial areas.
When designing a cap-and-trade program, one of the more controversial and challenging questions for policymakers is how, to whom, and for what purpose to distribute the emission allowances. This book examines the options and considerations in the emission allowance allocation in a cap-and-trade program.
Focuses on the factors that experts recommend be considered when filling and using the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR), to what extent the SPR can protect the US economy from damage during oil supply disruptions, and under what circumstances would an SPR larger than its current size be warranted.
Bringing together research and energy markets econometrics, this book collects the author's contributions in energy economics. It particularly applies advances in the field of applied econometrics to investigate a number of issues regarding energy markets, including the theory of storage and the efficient markets hypothesis.
Offers a non-technical description of the electric power industry and the major issues revolving around its transition from a regulated to a de-regulated industry. This book examines various aspects of the industry such as aging electric infrastructures, service reliability, and blackouts.
Offering a survey of British energy policy since 1979, this book blends economic analysis with political and historical narrative. It traces the way in which political pressures from the proponents of both nationalization and privatization, as well as environmentalists, have affected the development of an industry.
The imminent exhaustion of fossil energy resources and the demand for energy were the motives to put into practice an energy policy based on rational use of energy, and on exploitation of the renewable energy sources. This book presents the background and ideas of the developments made in the use of solar and wind resources.
Reflects challenges in the utility industries and provides solutions from a managerial perspective. This book includes insights from managers, researchers, professionals in utility-related investment banking and consulting, and professionals in public and supranational organizations on value chain activities within the industry.