Verdun was the largest, the longest and the bloodiest battle between the French and Germans in the First World War, lasting from February 1916 until the end of the year and claiming more then 700, 000 casualties. For the French in particular, it was always more than just a battle, being rather (in Paul Valery's words) 'a complete war in itself, inserted in the Great War'. Ian Ousby's masterly book gives a dramatic and brilliantly illuminating account of the generals' planning and the troops' suffering. At the same time it challenges the narrow horizons of military history by locating the experience of Verdun in how the French had thought about themselves since the debacle of the Franco-Prussian War. Verdun emerges as the mid-point in the cycle of Franco-German hostility, carrying both the burden of history and - if only by the presence on the battlefield of men like Petain and de Gaulle, France's two leaders in the next war - the seeds of the future. The Road to Verdun will radically challenge every reader's view of France - and the very nature of warfare.
The Great War not only destroyed the lives of over twenty million soldiers and civilians, it also ushered in a century of huge political and social upheaval, led directly to the Second World War and altered for ever the mechanisms of governments. And yet its causes, both long term and immediate, have continued to be shrouded in mystery. In Europe's Last Summer, David Fromkin reveals a new pattern in the happenings of that fateful July and August, which leads in unexpected directions. Rather than one war, starting with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, he sees two conflicts, related but not inseparably linked, whose management drew Europe and the world into what The Economist described as early as 1914 as 'perhaps the greatest tragedy in human history'.
THE 'ROMANOV' BONES DISCREDITED - New scientific analysis challenges the authenticity of the DNA tests and of the bones themselves. THE PLOTS TO SAVE THE TSAR - Primary documentary evidence, including recently declassified intelligence files, reveals that Britain and her allies were pouring money and their finest secret agents into Russia as part of a top secret plan to topple the Bolsheviks and save the Tsar. A SAFE HOUSE - Incontrovertible proof that a secret house intended for the Tsar was built in a remote part of northern Russia and paid for by British Intelligence. A TALE OF SURVIVAL? - Urgent, coded telegrams sent by the American Embassy and Department of State five months after the Romanov family's disappearance suggest the Imperial Family may, after all, have survived-Told with the pace of a thriller, this highly readable and vigorously researched book is the biggest and most revolutionary re-investigation into the disappearance of the Romanovs for 25 years.
Verdun was the largest, the longest and the bloodiest battle between the French and Germans in the First World War, lasting from February 1916 until the end of the year and claiming more then 700, 000 casualties. For the French in particular, it was always more than just a battle, being rather (in Paul Valery's words) 'a complete war in itself, inserted in the Great War'. Ian Ousby's masterly book gives a dramatic and brilliantly illuminating account of the generals' planning and the troops' suffering. At the same time it challenges the narrow horizons of military history by locating the experience of Verdun in how the French had thought about themselves since the debacle of the Franco-Prussian War. Verdun emerges as the mid-point in the cycle of Franco-German hostility, carrying both the burden of history and - if only by the presence on the battlefield of men like Petain and de Gaulle, France's two leaders in the next war - the seeds of the future. The Road to Verdun will radically challenge every reader's view of France - and the very nature of warfare.
The Great War not only destroyed the lives of over 20 million soldiers and civilians and wounded 21 million more, it also ushered in a century of huge political and social upheaval, led directly to the Second World War and altered for ever the mechanisms of government from the most distant post of Empire (of whatever nationality) to the core of the old world. And yet its causes, both long term and immediate, have continued to be shrouded in mystery, and to be the subject of falsification at the time - papers, diaries and memoranda shredded by the principals so that the record has been fantastically hard to set straight - and later of impassioned debate by scholars from its aftermath until today. But David Fromkin has taken a new approach to the problem, which leads in unexpected directions and reveals a new pattern in the happenings of that fateful July and August. Rather than one war, starting with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, he sees two conflicts, related but not inseparably linked, whose management - coupled with tragic miscommunication, misunderstanding and obfuscation - drew Europe and the world into what the Economist described as early as 1914 as 'perhaps the greatest tragedy in human history'.
The Great War not only destroyed the lives of over twenty million soldiers and civilians, it also ushered in a century of huge political and social upheaval, led directly to the Second World War and altered for ever the mechanisms of governments. And yet its causes, both long term and immediate, have continued to be shrouded in mystery. In Europe's Last Summer, David Fromkin reveals a new pattern in the happenings of that fateful July and August, which leads in unexpected directions. Rather than one war, starting with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, he sees two conflicts, related but not inseparably linked, whose management drew Europe and the world into what The Economist described as early as 1914 as 'perhaps the greatest tragedy in human history'.