How Rich Countries Got Rich is a narrative history of modern economic development from the Italian Renaissance to the present day In it Erik S Reinert shows how rich countries developed through a combination of government intervention protectionism & strategic investment Reinert suggests that this set of policies in various combinations has driven successful development from Renaissance Italy to the modern Far East Yet despite its demonstrable success orthodox development economists have largely ignored this approach & insisted instead on the importance of free trade Reinert presents a strongly revisionist history of economics & shows how the discipline has long been torn between the continental Renaissance tradition on one hand & the free market theories of English & later American economics on the other He argues that our economies were founded on protectionism & state activism & could only later afford the luxury of free trade When our leaders come to lecture poor countries on the right road to riches they do so in almost perfect ignorance of the real history of mass affluence