With the emergence of democracy in the city-state of Athens in the years around 460 BC public speaking became an essential skill for politicians in the Assemblies & Councils
- & even for ordinary citizens in the courts of law In response the technique of rhetoric rapidly developed bringing virtuoso performances & a host of practical manuals for the layman While many of these were little more than collections of debaters' tricks the Art of Rhetoric held a far deeper purpose Here Aristotle (384-322 BC) establishes the methods of informal reasoning provides the first aesthetic evaluation of prose style & offers detailed observations on character & the emotions Hugely influential upon later Western culture the Art of Rhetoric is a fascinating consideration of the force of persuasion & sophistry & a compelling guide to the principles behind oratorical skill