With 7% Glycolic Acid, Amino Acids, Aloe Vera, Ginseng & Tasmanian Pepperberry. Glycolic Acid is an alpha hydroxyl acid that exfoliates the skin. This 7% toning solution offers mild exfoliation for enhanced skin radiance & visible clarity. The formula also improves the appearance of skin texture with continued use. This formula contains a studied Tasmanian Pepperberry derivative to help reduce irritation associated with acid use. This derivative is of plant origin & varies in colour seasonally & this colour variation may be apparent in the formula from time to time. The formula is further supported with inclusion of ginseng root & aloe vera for both visible radiance & soothing benefits. This p H of this formula is Approx. 3.6. Glycolic Acid has a p Ka of 3.6 & p Ka is the most important aspect to consider in formulating with acids. p Ka implies acid availability. When p Ka is close to p H, there is an ideal balance between salt & acidity, maximising effectiveness of the acid & reducing irritation. Higher p H numbers in such a case would increase salt which counter-intuitively would make the formula even more irritating than if the formula was more acidic. Alcohol-free, oil-free, silicone-free, nut-free, vegan, gluten-free, soy-free, cruelty-free.