In the twelfth century Christians in Europe began to build a completely new kind of church
- soaring spacious monuments flooded with light from immense windows. These were the first Gothic churches the crowning example of which was the cathedral of Chartres: a revolution in thought embodied in stone & glass & a bridge between the ancient & modern worlds. In Universe of Stone Philip Ball explains the genesis & development of the Gothic style. He argues that it signified a profound change in the social intellectual & theological climate of Western Christendom. As the church represented nothing less than a vision of heaven on earth this shift in architectural style marked the beginning of the argument between faith & reason which continues today & of a scientific view of the world that threatened to dispense with God altogether.