This comprehensive guidebook to navigation with a map & compass but also with advice about using GPS & digital mapping systems aims to help readers make the most of their outdoor experiences by learning how to use the map compass correctly. The techniques described will give readers the freedom to get away from the crowds invent their own routes & discover new areas even where the GPS fails. Chapters cover understanding a map features grid refs contours; planning walks carefully; taking bearings walking with a compass; timing pacing & other techniques; what to do when you get lost & in poor visibility or darkness; navigating abroad & GPS & other digital technology. Packed with useful practical exercises & examples. Written by an experienced navigation trainer.