The dramatic & little-known story of how in the summer of 1920 Lenin came within a hairs breadth of shattering the painstakingly constructed Versailles peace settlement & spreading Bolshevism to western Europe. In 1920 the new Soviet state was a mess following a brutal civil war & the best way of ensuring its survival appeared to be to export the revolution to Germany itself economically ruined by defeat in World War I & racked by internal political dissension. Between Russia & Germany lay Poland a nation that had only just recovered its independence after more than a century of foreign oppression. But it was economically & militarily weak & its misguided offensive to liberate the Ukraine in the spring of 1920 laid it open to attack. Egged on by Trotsky Lenin launched a massive westward advance under the flamboyant Marshal Tukhachevsky. All that Great Britain & France had fought for over four years now seemed at risk. By the middle of August the Russians were only a few kilometres from Warsaw & Berlin was less than a weeks march away. Then occurred the Miracle of the Vistula: the Polish army led by Jozef Pilsudski regrouped & achieved one of the most decisive victories in military history. As a result the Versailles peace settlement survived & Lenin was forced to settle for Communism in one country. The battle for Warsaw bought Europe nearly two decades of peace & communism remained a mainly Russian phenomenon subsuming many of the autocratic & Byzantine characteristics of Russias tsarist tradition.