
The United Nations has been called everything from the best hope of mankind" to "irrelevant" & "obsolete." With this much-needed introduction to the UN Jussi Hanhimaki engages the current debate over the organizations effectiveness as he provides a clear understanding of how it was originally conceived how it has come to its present form & how it must confront new challenges in a rapidly changing world. After a brief history of the United Nations & its predecessor the League of Nations the author examines the UNs successes & failures as a guardian of international peace & security as a promoter of human rights as a protector of international law & as an engineer of socio-economic development. Hanhimaki stresses that the UNs greatest problem has been the impossibly wide gap between its ambitions & capabilities. In the area of international security for instance the UN has to settle conflicts--be they between or within states--without offending the national sovereignty of its member states & without being sidelined by strong countries as happened in the 2003 intervention of Iraq. Hanhimaki also provides a clear accounting of the UN & its various arms & organizations (such as UNESCO & UNICEF) & he offers a critical overview of how effective it has been in the recent crises in Rwanda & the former Yugoslavia for example--and how likely it is to meet its overall goals in the future. The United Nations Hanhimaki concludes is an indispensable organization that has made the world a better place. But it is also a deeply flawed institution in need of constant reform."