During the twelve years from 1933 until 1945 the concentration camp operated as a terror society. In this pioneering book the renowned German sociologist Wolfgang Sofsky looks at the concentration camp from the inside as a laboratory of cruelty & a system of absolute power built on extreme violence starvation terror labor " & the business-like extermination of human beings. Based on historical documents & the reports of survivors the book details how the resistance of prisoners was broken down. Arbitrary terror & routine violence destroyed personal identity & social solidarity disrupted the very ideas of time & space perverted human work into torture & unleashed innumerable atrocities. As a result daily life was reduced to a permanent struggle for survival even as the meaning of self-preservation was extinguished. Sofsky takes us from the searing unforgettable image of the Muselmann
- Auschwitz jargon for the "walking dead"
- to chronicles of epidemics terror punishments selections & torture. The society of the camp was dominated by the S.S. & a system of graduated & forced collaboration which turned selected victims into accomplices of terror. Sofsky shows that the S. S. was not a rigid bureaucracy but a system with ample room for autonomy. The S.S. demanded individual initiative of its members. Consequently although they were not required to torment or murder prisoners officers & guards often exploited their freedom to do so
- in passing or on a whim with cause or without. The order of terror described by Sofsky culminated in the organized murder of millions of European Jews & Gypsies in the death-factories of Auschwitz & Treblinka. By the end of this book Sofsky shows that the German concentration camp system cannot be seen as a temporary lapse into barbarism. Instead it must be conceived as a product of modern civilization where institutionalized state-run human cruelty became possible with or without the mobilizing feelings of hatred."