The nineteenth century seems to have been full of hysterical women
- or so they were diagnosed. Where are they now? The very disease no longer exists. In this fascinating account Andrew Scull tells the story of Hysteria
- an illness that disappeared not through medical endeavour but through growing understanding & cultural change. More generally it raises the question of how diseases are framed & how conceptions of a disease change through history. The lurid history of hysteria makes fascinating reading. Charcots clinics showed off flamboyantly hysterical patients taking on sexualized poses & among the visiting professionals was one Sigmund Freud. Scull discusses the origins of the idea of hysteria the development of a neurological approach by John Sydenham & others hysteria as a fashionable condition & its growth from the 17th century. Some regarded it as a peculiarly English malady the natural concomitant of Englands greater civilization & refinement. Women were the majority of patients & the illness became associated with female biology resulting in some gruesome treatments. Charcot & Freud were key practitioners defining the nature of the illness. But curiously the illness seemed to swap gender during the First World War when male hysterics frequently suffering from shell shock were also subjected to brutal treatments. Subsequently the disease declined & eventually disappeared at least in professional circles though attenuated elements remain reclassified for instance as post-traumatic stress disorder.