It was to be the war to end all wars & it began at 11.15 on the morning of June 28 1914 in an outpost of the Austro-Hungarian Empire called Sarajevo. It would end officially almost five years later. Unoffically it has never ended: The horrors we live with today were born in the First World War. It left millions
- civilians & soldiers
- maimed or dead. & it left us with new technologies of death: tanks planes & submarines; reliable rapid-fire machine guns poison gas & chemical warfare. It introduced us to unrestricted war on civilians & mistreatment of prisoners. Most of all it changed our world. In its wake empires toppled monarchies fell whole populations lost their national indentities as political systems & geographic boundaries relaligned. Instabilities were institutionalised enmities enshrined. Manners mores codes of behaviour literature education & class distinctions
- all underwent a vast sea change. In all these ways the twentieth century can be said to have been born on the morning of June 28 1914.