The Artful Species explores the idea that our aesthetic responses & art behaviors are connected to our evolved human nature. Our humanoid forerunners displayed aesthetic sensibilities hundreds of thousands of years ago & the art standing of prehistoric cave paintings is virtually uncontested. In Part One Stephen Davies analyses the key concepts of the aesthetic art & evolution & explores how they might be related. He considers a range of issues including whether animals have aesthetic tastes & whether art is not only universal but cross-culturally comprehensible. Part Two examines the many aesthetic interests humans take in animals & how these reflect our biological interests & the idea that our environmental & landscape preferences are rooted in the experiences of our distant ancestors. In considering the controversial subject of human beauty evolutionary psychologists have traditionally focused on female physical attractiveness in the context of mate selection but Davies presents a broader view which decouples human beauty from mate choice & explains why it goes more with social performance & self-presentation. Part Three asks if the arts together or singly are biological adaptations incidental byproducts of nonart adaptations or so removed from biology that they rate as purely cultural technologies. Davies does not conclusively support any one of the many positions considered here but argues that there are grounds nevertheless for seeing art as part of human nature. Art serves as a powerful & complex signal of human fitness & so cannot be incidental to biology. Indeed aesthetic responses & art behaviors are the touchstones of our humanity.