Building upon & updating its twin themes, this revised edition of ” Turkey: a Modern History” focuses on Turkey`s continuing incorporation into the capitalist world & the modernization of state & society. It begins with the forging of closer links with Europe after the French Revolution & the changing face of the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century. Zurcher argues that Turkey`s history, between 1908 & 1950, should be seen as a unity, & offers a strongly revisionist interpretation of Turkey`s founding father, Kemal Ataturk. In his account of the period since 1950, Zurcher focuses on: the growth of mass politics; the three military coups; the thorny issue of Turkey`s human rights record; integration into the global economy; the alliance with the West & and relations with the European community; Turkey`s ambivalent relations with the Middle East; the increasingly explosive Kurdish questions; the economic crisis of 1994; & the continuing political instability & growth of Islam.