` Almost every page
Includes:: a sizzling historical titbit.. . captivating, insightful & masterly` (Edward Lucas, The Times) The history of espionage is far older than any of today`s intelligence agencies, yet the long history of intelligence operations has been largely forgotten. The first mention of espionage in world literature is in the Book of Exodus.` God sent out spies into the land of Canaan`. From there, Christopher Andrew traces the shift in the ancient world from divination to what we would recognize as attempts to gather real intelligence in the conduct of military operations, & considers how far ahead of the West
- at that time
- China & India were. He charts the development of intelligence & security operations & capacity through, amongst others, Renaissance Venice, Elizabethan Engl&, Revolutionary America, Napoleonic France, right up to sophisticated modern activities of which he is the world`s best-informed interpreter. What difference have security & intelligence operations made to course of history? Why have they so often forgotten by later practitioners? This fascinating book provides the answers.