What does it mean to be white in a society that proclaims race meaningless yet is deeply divided by race? In the face of pervasive racial inequality & segregation most white people cannot answer that question In the second edition of this seminal text Robin Di Angelo reveals the factors that make this question so difficult mis-education about what racism is; ideologies such as individualism & colorblindness; segregation; & the belief that to be complicit in racism is to be an immoral person These factors contribute to what she terms white racial illiteracy Speaking as a white person to other white people Di Angelo clearly & compellingly takes readers through an analysis of white socialization Weaving research analysis stories images & familiar examples she provides the framework needed to develop white racial literacy She describes how race shapes the lives of white people explains what makes racism so hard to see identifies common white racial patterns & speaks back to popular narratives that work to deny racism Written as an accessible overview on white identity from an anti-racist framework What Does It Mean to Be White? is an invaluable resource for members of diversity & anti-racism programs & study groups & students of sociology psychology education & other disciplines This revised edition features two new chapters including one on Di Angelo's influential concept of white fragility Written to be accessible both within & without academia this revised edition also features discussion questions an index & a glossary