Adam Smith's 1776 Inquiry into The Nature & Causes of the Wealth of Nations
- more often known simply as The Wealth of Nations
- is one of the most important books in modern intellectual history Considered one of the fundamental works of classical economics it is also a prime example of the enduring power of good reasoning & the ability of reasoning to drive critical thinking forward Adam Smith was attempting to answer two complex questions where does a nation's wealth come from & what can governments do to increase it most efficiently? At the time perhaps the most widely accepted theory mercantilism argued that a nation's wealth was literally the amount of gold & silver it held in reserve Smith meanwhile weighed the evidence & came to a different conclusion a nation's wealth he argued lay in its ability to encourage economic activity largely without government interference Underlying this radical redefinition was the revolutionary concept that powered Smith's reasoning & which continues to exert a vast influence on economic thought the idea that markets are self-regulating Pitting his arguments against those of his predecessors Smith carefully & persuasively reasoned out a strong case for free markets that reshaped government economic policies in the 19th-century & continues to shape global prosperity today