Derived from a medieval ballad THE VIRGIN SPRING was director Ingmar Bergman's first film to win an Academy Award The movie represents a return to simpler themes for Bergman after the philosophical complexity of THE SEVENTH SEAL & WILD STRAWBERRIES On its most basic level it's the story of violent crime violently avenged but it can also be interpreted as a religious allegory on Christian forgiveness A young girl Karin (Birgitta Pettersson) is raped & killed by two herdsman on her way to church Her foster sister played by Gunnel Lindblom witnesses the crime & reports back to Karin's parents (Max von Sydow & Birgitta Valberg) shortly after the perpetrators arrive at the couple's home seeking shelter for the night unaware of their hosts' identity Karin's grief-stricken father decides to take brutal revenge on his daughter's murderers THE VIRGIN SPRING represents Bergman's first full collaboration with director of photography Sven Nykvist who had previously worked as a co-director of photography on SAWDUST & TINSEL