Stephen Jay Gould's writing remains the modern standard by which popular science writing is judged. Throughout his work Gould has developed a distinctive & personal form of essay to treat great scientific issues in the context of biography. Here, Gould once again applied biographical perspectives to the illumination of key scientific concepts & their history, ranging from the discovery of the new scourge of syphilis by Fracastero in the sixteenth century & Isabelle Duncan's nineteenth-century attempt at reconciling scripture & palaeontology to Freud's weird speculations about human phylogeny & recent creationist attacks on the study of evolution. As always, the essays brilliantly illuminate & elucidate the puzzles & paradoxes great & small that have fuelled the enterprise of science & opened our eyes to a world of unexpected wonders.