This is one of Guercino's finest late works, imposing in composition, rich in colour & dignified in pose & gesture. It represents one of the twelve pagan sibyls, or seers, who were reputed to have foretold the coming of Christ. The Cumaean Sibyl predicted that Christ would be born of a virgin in a stable at Bethlehem. The inscription refers to the cross on which Christ was crucified. The painting was commissioned in 1651 by Gioseffo Locatelli of Cesena as a companion to the ' King David' now in the Spencer Collection, Althorp, but was bought by Prince Mattias de' Medici. Guercino painted a replacement for Locatelli, the ' Samian Sibyl', which is also in the Spencer Collection.