TL-D1600S JBOD storage enclosure means that you can back up & expand your QNAP NAS, Windows & Ubuntu computers & servers. The TL-D1600S features twelve 3.5-inch/2.5-inch SATA 6 Gb/s drive bays & four 2.5-inch SATA 6 Gb/s SSD bays & comes with a QXP PCIe card for connecting the enclosure using a SFF-8088 (or SFF-8644) cable. It provides reliable read/write performance for smooth storage & backup tasks. 1. QNAP recommends following the standard procedure for connecting or disconnecting the TL-D1600S. For more information, please see the TL-D1600S user manual. 2. The TL-D1600S can only be used as an individual storage pool or volume on the NAS. Its storage pool or volume cannot be combined into the connected NAS. NAS applications cannot be installed on the TL-D1600S. 3. The TL-D1600S only supports QNAP NAS running on QTS 4.4.2 (or above) or Qu TS hero operating system. The TL SATA JBOD supports multi-lane SATA 6 Gb/s transfer, & each SATA lane directly connects to a single SATA drive to help improve performance. With the 1-1 high-speed channel, the TL SATA JBOD delivers excellent transfer performance. Note: The SFF ports & drive slots order: SFF port 1 to HDD slot 1-4, SFF port 2 to HDD slot 5-8, SFF port 3 to HDD slot 9-12, SFF port 4 to SDD slot 1-4 (TL-D1600S) The TL-D1600S provides software-controlled storage configuration for greater management flexibility. You can configure RAID & monitor JBOD enclosure & disk health with Storage & Snapshots when connected to a QTS or Qu TS hero NAS, or with the QNAP JBOD Manager utility when connected to a computer. Use the Storage & Snapshots Manager in QTS or Qu TS hero to configure the TL-D1600S as a storage enclosure for your QNAP NAS. The NAS expansion storage mode supports various NAS functions, including storage pools & snapshots. With TL-D1600S, you can easily expand storage capacity. The QNAP JBOD Manager is a desktop utility for monitoring the TL-D1600S on Windows & Ubuntu computers. You can quickly obtain disk statuses, JBOD information & health, view fan rotation speed, & check for firmware version updates. You can connect your TL-D1600S to Windows & Ubuntu computers through SFF-8088 (or SFF-8644) high-speed cable & use built-in utility to manage RAID configuration. Note: 1. QXP series PCIe cards do not support Mac Pro. 2. If there are any unexpected boot failures during QXP PCIe cards installation on the host, please check with the host manufacturing company for any new BIOS updates. Alternatively, you can try disabling the boot from the PCIe slot function or disable the external graphics card option. 3. Linux with Kernel 3.10 ~ 5.0 (Driver required). QXP-1600e S officially supports Ubuntu 18.04.03 (Kernel 5.0).